The experiment included three treatments: chemical soil fumigation (CSF), ASD1, and ASD0.5 (the reduced rate ASD treatment with 741 gal/acre molasses and 4.5 tons/acre CPL). This study evaluates the economic viability of using ASD in open-field, fresh-market tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) production, drawing on data from field experiments conducted in 2015 in Immokalee, FL, and Citra, FL. However, whether farmers will adopt ASD methods on a large scale is unknown. Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) was developed to control plant-parasitic nematodes, weeds, and soilborne pathogens. With the phase-out of methyl bromide due to its impact on ozone depletion, research has focused on developing alternative chemical and biologically based soil disinfestation methods. In summary, ASD with CCM amendments could be applied in pre-plant fumigation to control strawberry soil-borne pests, strengthen soil fertility, improve crop yield and increase growersвЂ™ income. The increased presence of biological control agents led to the suppression of soil-borne pathogens. The soil bacterial and fungal diversity and richness increased after soil fumigation. The economic benefit could be due to the suppression of soil-borne diseases and the improvement of soil nutrition. Compared to the untreated control, ASD, both at 6 and 12 ton/ha of CCM, significantly (p = 0.05) increased strawberry marketable yield and income. Besides, the strawberry plant height, stem thickness and yield were significantly higher than in the non-amended soil. The soil promoted a significant increase in ammonium nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and organic matter, but a decrease in oxidation-reduction potential after ASD. and Phytophthora spp., which are recognized to cause strawberry soil-borne diseases, decreased significantly after ASD. In experiments, the colonies of Fusarium spp. There is increasing evidence showing that carbon sources and cover tarps play an important role in the ASD suppression of soil-borne pests, but little is known about the effect of composted chicken manure (CCM) and totally impermeable films (TIF) against soil-borne pests in the strawberry production system. The positive synergistic effects of combining these methods suggest that grafting and anaerobic soil disinfestation yield better results in conjunction than separately.ДЄnaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD), as a bio-fumigation technology, has been developed to control soil-borne pests. Grafting (вЂRoadsterвЂ™ self-grafted) combined with molasses and chicken manure carbon-sourced anaerobic soil disinfestation under unsealed plot conditions was the most optimal treatment combination in the field trials with the greatest gains (net return per acre) to producers. Treatment combinations with cottonseed meal carbon-sourced anaerobic soil disinfestation were unviable because of lower net returns compared with treatment combinations without anaerobic soil disinfestation in nearly every case. Each treatment combination was subjected to sealed (plastic mulch covering a plot punctured 5 weeks after applying anaerobic soil disinfestation treatment) and unsealed (plastic mulch covering a plot punctured immediately after the application of anaerobic soil disinfestation treatment) plot conditions during the anaerobic soil disinfestation phase of plant bed preparation. This study drew from tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) field trials conducted in 2020 on a 0.5-acre plot at the Clemson Coastal Research and Education Center in Charleston, SC, where five grafting and three anaerobic soil disinfestation treatments were used in combinations for comparisons. Therefore, the present study explores the economic impact of using grafting and anaerobic soil disinfestation, independently and in conjunction, to determine the best combination in terms of yield and net returns for producers. Grafting and anaerobic soil disinfestation are two sustainable crop production techniques developed to control and regulate weeds, root-knot nematodes ( Meloidogyne incognita ), and soilborne pathogens. Increasing regulations and restrictions regarding on-farm chemical use and growing consumer demands for organic food products warrant the development of efficient biological methods for plant disease control and pest management.

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